Biofilm-Forming Capability of Bacillus and Its Related Genera

Members of Bacillaceae are majorly of spore-forming rods. With this benefit, it occupies every niche of the environment irrespective of the temperature. These spores are produced within the multicellular entity named as biofilms which binds the isogenic but phenotypically different cells with complex polysaccharide and scaffolding proteins. Spo0A is the crucial regulator in biofilm formation where planktonic cells are switched to sessile forms. Because of their physiological versatility, Bacillus spp. are capable of surviving in diversified niches irrespective of environmental conditions. Therefore, these Bacillus and respective biofilms have extended their roles both positively (biocontrol agents, bioreactors, and bioremediation) and negatively (fouling, contamination, food spoilage). This present review summarizes the biofilm formation of Bacillus spp. and physiology under it along with their role in different fields. Additionally, facts regarding the biofilm of Bacillus-related genera are also included.