Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Methods: A Survey

Blockchain technology has gained widespread attention due to its decentralized nature. With the combination of smart contracts, the application of blockchain technology has expanded into more complex business scenarios, including digital collectibles, financial trades, and metaverses. However, the security vulnerabilities in smart contracts not only pose significant risks to their applications but also undermine the credibility of the blockchain system. As a result, research on smart contract vulnerability detection methods has attracted global attention. This paper introduces common smart contract vulnerabilities and summarizes the research on smart contract vulnerability detection methods and commonly used datasets. The progress of smart contract vulnerability detection research is reviewed from the perspectives of static analysis methods and dynamic analysis methods. A comparison and analysis are conducted on the input code categories, vulnerability types, and classification output formats of each method. Finally, based on the summary of existing research on smart contract vulnerability detection, the challenges in the field of smart contract vulnerability detection are discussed, and future research directions are proposed.