Multi-objective Optimization Energy Management Strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles During Vehicle Following

With the advancements in automotive automation and network connectivity technologies, achieving optimal co-optimization of driving safety, driving comfort, fuel economy and energy sources durability remains a great challenge for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEV). However, in most existing studies, power source durability is often disregarded, and there is an urgent need to address the trade-off between different targets. In the paper, a multi-objective optimization energy management strategy (EMS) for FCHEV in the following vehicle scenarios is proposed. Specifically, fuel cell voltage attenuation and lithium battery capacity attenuation are utilized to characterize the degradation level of the fuel cell and battery, respectively. Subsequently, a degradation model for the fuel cell and battery within the on-board power system of the controlled vehicle is established. On this basis, a multi-objective cost function integrating driving safety, driving comfort, fuel economy and energy sources durability is constructed. Then, the model predictive control (MPC) method was used to solve the above multi-objective functions. The results highlight that the MPC-based strategy can reduce equivalent fuel consumption cost by up to 10.49% compared with the traditional strategies.