Two-Dimensional (2D) Based Hybrid Polymeric Nanoparticles as Novel Potential Therapeutics in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Liver cancer, or primary hepatic malignancy, accounts for the sixth most common form of human cancer worldwide, and among this, 90% of liver cancer cases exhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Due to several associated limitations, current drug-based therapies for treating HCC are insufficient for an effective and efficient approach. Combination therapies with two-dimensional (2D) hybrid nanomaterials enhance the performance of the biocompatible nanomaterials in HCC treatment. 2D hybrid nanomaterials delivered an effective potential in ablating tumours. Many researchers exploited the 2D hybrid nanomaterials in the treatment and diagnostic of various diseases including graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, NbSe2, TiS2, ZrS2, TaS2, and WSe2), g-C3N4, transition metal oxides (TiO2 and MnO2), layered double hydroxides, hexagonal boron nitride, black phosphorus, boron nitride, bismuth selenide, and MXenes, but here we explored their potential in effective treatment of HCC. The market potential of nanomaterials is widely expanding due to their potential to overcome several limitations associated with pharmacological-based treatment approaches commercially available, including side effects, bioavailability, stability, and efficiency.