Cross-border migration in the South Asian region has an impact on a country’s environment. Bangladesh is a small country with a huge population facing enormous problems due to migration from other nearby countries. Generally, political circumstances are considered to be the driving force behind migration, with a focus on political instability, conflict, and governance issues forcing people to seek refuge and safety in new areas. In the recent past, a huge influx of refugees, especially the Rohingya, has worsened the environmental conditions in Bangladesh in the southeastern part of the country. The chapter moves through the complex landscape of migration by examining how these three key dimensions converge and diverge to shape the patterns and consequences of incoming population movements in Bangladesh. By examining the multifaceted factors of migration in Bangladesh, the need for comprehensive policy frameworks and integrated strategies that take into account the interlinked economic, sociopolitical, and environmental dimensions becomes clear.