Structural Assessment Methods for Architectural Façade Elements in Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration Between Architects and Structural Engineers

This paper explores structural simulations in the context of freeform facade design, with a particular focus on approaches in architectural and engineering collaboration. The paper presents a structural simulation process for parametrically designed non-standard facade geometry inspired by Erwin Hauer’s sculptural work which is manufactured utilizing ultra-high-performance concrete cast in robotically 3D-printed formwork. Two typical structural performance analysis methods are employed, in Abaqus and Karamba3D, which respectively illustrate the engineering and architectural perspectives. The results and configurations of prior physical testing provide indications on analysis of results from two simulation methods. The two simulation methods offer detailed insights into engineering and architectural simulation processes and the distinct viewpoints taken by structural engineers and architects in collaborative design processes. Based on the analyzed case, the paper concludes by discussing the prospects for the advancement of structural analysis strategies for non-standard structural components in collaborative workflows involving structural engineers and architects.