DHW Heating and Steam for Functional Buildings

According to the China Population and Employment Statistical Yearbook, China’s urban population in 2020 was approximately 900 million. In the practical project case study, the DHW consumption was about 20–40 L per person per day. By taking the DHW consumption at 20 L per person per day, the temperature after water mixing at about 40 °C, and the tap water temperature at 15 °C, the total heat demand of DHW for urban residential buildings was estimated to be about 690 million GJ.