Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of Novel Drug Delivery Systems

Nanotechnology has revolutionized various fields, from drug delivery to diagnosis, by enabling the designing and engineering of drug carriers at the nanoscale level. Nanoparticles, possess unique properties that make them highly valuable in numerous applications. However, understanding how these nanoparticles are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted within biological systems is crucial for ensuring their safe utilization [1]. Once inside the body, nanoparticles get distributed across different tissues and organs, facilitated by their unique physicochemical characteristics as depicted in Fig. 2.1. It is therefore important to understand the factors that affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of nanoparticles. The factors affecting ADME of nanoparticles are as follows [2–4]: