This chapter applies a model, developed by the Stewart and Lander ((2018) Transforming gender relations in an ageing world: A policy discussion paper. HelpAge International) for HelpAge International, to caregiving and receiving in Africa. The model argues for a gender transformative life course approach to aging and adds to the advocacy that is emerging at an international policy level which identifies the challenges that older women face, particularly in the global south. However, transformed gender relations in older age will only be achieved through transforming gender power relations at all stages of the life course. The chapter highlights the way in which caregiving within African kinship/familial settings is valued over the life course and the impact that such caring has on the ability of those who undertake it to accumulate assets and liabilities. It uses two legal cases, one from Kenya and one from Botswana, to illustrate the way in which caring for older people affects the life chances of those who undertake care but also the way in which older women who have accumulated some assets over their life course are able to obtain care. It applies the gendered life course analysis to these two cases and draws out some wider implications for the development of African socio-legal policymaking.