While there is no doubt that potential economic gains from the growing share of the working-age population in India are large, the elderly population, with its growing population share, could play an important role in the exploitation of this dividend. This chapter attempts an exploratory analysis of some of the key roles performed by the elderly in Indian households that contribute to the economic outcomes of the households in which they live, particularly via benefits to younger generations, using the Longitudinal Ageing Survey of India (LASI) data. The elderly’s contributions to household economic well-being are examined through three channels: (a) as caregivers to grandchildren; (b) as workers who improve the economic well-being of the household; and (c) as healthy and functional individuals who partner with and support the work of other household members. The explorations in the chapter highlight the importance of unpacking the factors that drive work participation as the Indian population ages over time.