Analyzing the Performance and Wireless Network Capacity of NOMA: Study of the Impact of OMA and NOMA on 5G Network

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques promise to increase the capacity of wireless networks. As the number of cellular users is incessantly growing, spectrum allotment is a crucial factor to take into account. Orthogonal multiple access (OMA) techniques limit the number of users because each resource block serves only a single user while NOMA permits multiple users to access the same non-orthogonal resources and thereby enhances the system’s capacity. In this paper, we have done a systematic comparative analysis of various multiple access techniques used in 5G and show how the NOMA technique is better than traditional OMA techniques. Also, this paper presents a mathematical system model of NOMA in a single-cell downlink (DL) architecture which includes one base station (BS) and two mobile users with all terminals sharing a single antenna system. The efficiency of both NOMA and OMA are examined in terms of distinct parameters, like bit error rate (BER), power allocation (PA), outage probability (OP), channel capacity (CC), throughput, sum rate (SR), and ergodic sum rate (ESR). The objective is to determine whether NOMA is capable of maximizing the wireless network capacity and achieving better performance compared with OMA.