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Analysis of Urine-Formed Elements: Overview

  • Lei Zheng,
  • Mianyang Li,
  • Haixia Li,
  • Fuxian Zhou,
  • Rongzhang Xie,
  • Ang Li,
  • Wanying Lin

摘要

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra (Fig. 1.1). Its main function is to expel waste and excess water produced during the body’s metabolic process, maintaining the balance and stability of the body’s internal environment. The kidneys generate urine, which is transported through the ureters to the bladder for storage and then expelled from the body through the urethra [2].