Origin of Life and Glycan

The origin of life is dependent on biodiversity, which is the pathway of evolution. Organism evolution is intricately connected with glycan adaptation. In retrospect, the exhaustion time in biological evolution could not have been delayed by the human historic era, since BC1000. Development, differentiation, growth, aging, apoptosis, xenotransplantation, immunity, oncogenesis, cancer, and diseases are represented by “cellular transformation.” The answer to biodiversity’s powering factor originates from glycan. One of the biological diversities, named species diversity, is a phenomenon environmentally adapted from the evolutionary process for a long period. Enforcing factor of different species, species difference, different phenotype, and different genotype between two species or each species, is the acquisition of sugar utilization in different types of linkages. Sugars are photosynthesized from carbon dioxide CO2, photonics by autotrophic plants, and monomeric sugar residues are linked together to form their specific patterns in their organisms. Consequent diverse linkages specialize each organism, depending on residue-polymerized structures. There is a big shift from ancient types of life, such as “bacteria” to “eukaryotes” by the formation of intracellular small organelles. If some life organisms form the “organelle,” then it will become an eukaryote. If they are eukaryotes, the small organelle ER-Golgi apparatus essentially biosynthesize the glycan structures required for their life phenophena. The distinct structure of glycans discriminate each organism and are the essential molecular basis of the discrimination and difference between the organisms, giving an incompatibility between the different species.