An Exploration of State of Art Approaches on Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Technology-Based Antennas for Wireless Applications

Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW)-based technology is more significant for the development of future Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G systems as well as the advancement of antennas to radiate in High-Frequency applications like microwave and millimeter wave (mmWave). SIW technology-based antennas are formed by connecting two parallel metal plates, such as patch and ground plane using dual conducting metal vias (cylinders) placed in a dielectric substrate. The key objective of this paper is to carry out a comprehensive exploration study and parametric analysis of SIW antennas based on the number of resonant frequencies, namely single, dual, triple, and quad with various substrate materials, different thicknesses, dimensions, and feeding techniques. Recent developments in modeling, designs, technological implementations, and applications have also been discussed in this paper.