Radial Unbalance Distribution System Analysis with DG and D-STATCOM Allocation Using Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

Distribution system is the key link of the utility with the consumers. It plays a key role in the distribution of power to the residential, commercial, industrial and agricultural consumers. The distribution system is not perfectly balanced and can be unbalanced due to the traction load or unequal loadings on the different phases. Higher unbalance can cause more losses in the system and mal operation of relays. Therefore, the distribution system operator must analyze the unbalanced distribution system to reduce the unbalances. Distributed generation and devices can play a major role in the correction of unbalances meeting the active and reactive power load requirements. In this paper, the authors present the analysis of the radial unbalance (UB) distribution system with optimal placement of distributed generation (DG) and D-STATCOM. The main goals of the study are optimal DG location and sizing, optimal D-STATCOM location and sizing, losses reduction in the system, and voltage profile improvement using an Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA). The analysis is also carried out with DG and D-STATCOM's effect on overall cost reduction due to the decrease in energy losses. In addition, results are also obtained with different loading scenarios and load growth which can help distribution network operators for better power distribution system planning. The results are determined for a conventional 25 bus radial UB distribution system using MATLAB 2021a.