Fabrication and Testing of U-Slot and U-I Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Rogers RO4350 Substrate for Wireless Applications

In the year 1950, the concept of patch antenna was initiated. Improvement in the field of patch antenna was observed and it is employed in Printed Circuit Board. Extensive applications originated in antenna domain due to its compact size, cost-effective, low profile etc., The major drawback of patch antenna is that it has narrow bandwidth. However, the problem can be reduced by using slots, different feed techniques and substrates. Slots can be in different shapes and feed technique must be integrated depending on the design and applications. This study intend at the sights of slot in Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA) to improve the parameters of simulated and fabricated design. In this paper, rectangular shaped patch antenna with U-slot, U-I slot structure, co-axial feed, Rogers RO4350 substrate, and ground plane are presented. The U-slot and U-I slot Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna are operated at resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz and it has desired resonant input impedance. The main advantage of co-axial feed technique is that feed can be placed in any desired location. Rogers RO4350 substrate has better return loss and the main advantage is low manufacturing cost. The projected U-slot antenna is operated at the frequencies between 2.35 GHz and2.55 GHz. The gain and VSWR values are 4.41 dB and 1.03 which have been achieved in the simulation using HFSS 2017. The projected antenna offers a maximum Bandwidth (BW) of 200 MHz and Return Loss of − 34.41 dB. The projected U-I slot antenna is operated at the frequencies between 2.35 GHz to 2.56 GHz. The gain and VSWR values are 4.55 dB and 1.03 which have been achieved in the simulation using HFSS 2017. It offers a maximum Bandwidth (BW) of 210 MHz and Return Loss of − 36.22 dB. The proposed work provides a noble agreement connecting the simulated and fabricated results. From the results of U-I slot patch antenna, it can be observed that 20% wider Bandwidth; 3% increment in Gain, improved Return Loss of 4%, and 2% VSWR are obtained compared to U-slot patch antenna.