Analysis and Optimization of UAV Communication Performance Based on Beamforming

UAV with a beamforming design as a flight base station to assist communication is a promising solution to alleviate the burden and compensate for the shortcomings of the communication infrastructure. However, when UAVs are deployed as flying base stations in a fixed range to provide signal transmission services for users, their performance analysis and optimization problems have not been well studied. In this paper, the system model was established, and the optimization scheme was proposed. Then, based on the mathematical analysis results, the system performance was further improved by adjusting the altitude of the UAV, and the UAV deployment problem was formulated as the problem of maximizing the signal power received by the user. To find the optimal solution, a method combining exhaustive search and an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was proposed to solve the corresponding optimization problem of UAV altitude under beamforming. The effectiveness of the theoretical analysis and the proposed scheme was verified by numerical simulations.