The Silk Road and Silk from the Han to the Tang

China is the world’s earliest country to rear silkworms and produce silk, and for a considerable period of time was the only country in the world engaged in this handicraft. This paper comprehensively introduces the emergence of Chinese silk fabrics, the reasons for the development of silk industry during the Han Dynasty, weaving machines during the Han Dynasty, types of Han silk, high-quality Han brocades, embroidery, and printed silk fabrics, as well as the patterns and designs of silk fabrics. It is pointed out that during the Han Dynasty, Chinese silk reached a high level, which was admired by foreign civilizations (including Romans), leading to the opening and development of the “Silk Road”. By the Tang Dynasty, Chinese silk underwent significant changes due to Western influences introduced through the “Silk Road” and its own innovative developments, resulting in advancements in weaving techniques and patterns.