Green Infrastructure, Urban Heat Islands and Human Well—Being in the City of Metropolitan Lima

The objective of this research is to evaluate the mitigation of heat islands considering green infrastructure and ecosystemic services, the lack of green infrastructure generates heat islands, causing them to raise the temperature, and therefore discomfort in the population of the city of Lima. The study method was applied, the universe comprised the thermal heat cores of the city of Lima and the stratified random or probabilistic sampling method was used. The results showed that the heat islands in the city of Lima are not necessarily correlated with human industrial or transportation activities, but rather correspond to the sites of greatest irradiation in the city due to solar radiation. At the district level, the district of San Isidro (L27) is the one with the best thermal comfort conditions, since its temperatures are moderate, it has a high intensity of vegetation cover and a high HDI, followed by the district of Miraflores (L18), which also has high comfort (HDI), high intensity of vegetation cover (NDVI) and comfortable surface temperatures, although somewhat cooler, then Barranco, although its vegetation cover (NDVI) is lower; in contrast to La Molina (L12), which has high HDI levels, intense vegetation cover (NDVI) but high surface temperature levels. In conclusion, it is stated that there is a heat island effect in Metropolitan Lima in the surroundings of the built-up area or areas without construction rather than within the city cores, which has an unequal temporal behavior, and the surface temperature cores can exceed 35 ºC in East Lima.