The Tai-Kadai group comprises 15 languages, which can be further divided into the Zhuang-Dai, Kam-Shui, and Li branches. Among these languages, Melao, Biao, Lajia, Chadong, and some northern Kam dialects have been significantly influenced by the Sinitic language, which has led to diachronic changes in the word order types of their nominal phrases. In the present chapter, we discuss the basic word orders of the Tai-Kadai group as a whole and explore the word orders of their nominal phrases cross-linguistically. The basic word order patterns include the order between verb and object (V+O), verb and adverb of manner (AM+V, V+AM or V+AM+V), adjective and adverb of degree (ADJ+AD, AD+ADJ or AD+ADJ+AD), verb, adjective and adverb of negation (AN+V or AN+ADJ),adposition (PREP+NP, AP+VP or VP+AP), and non-equality comparative construction (ADJ+m+ST or m+ST+ADJ). The word orders of nominal phrases include the order between noun and noun (N+N(head) or N(head)+N), the noun and the genitive (GEN+N or N+GEN), noun and adjective (N+ADJ or ADJ+N),classifier and demonstrative (CLF+DEM, DEM+CLF, NUM+CLF+N,CLF+N+NUM, N+CLF+NUM,N+NUM+CLF), noun and classifier structure (CLF+N+DEM, DEM+CLF+N+DEM, DEM+CLF+N,NUM+CLF+N+DEM, DEM+NUM+CLF+N+DEM or DEM+NUM+CLF+N) , and noun and relative clause (N+RelV or RelV+N).

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The Word Order Types of Tai-Kadai Languages

  • Yunbing Li

摘要

The Tai-Kadai group comprises 15 languages, which can be further divided into the Zhuang-Dai, Kam-Shui, and Li branches. Among these languages, Melao, Biao, Lajia, Chadong, and some northern Kam dialects have been significantly influenced by the Sinitic language, which has led to diachronic changes in the word order types of their nominal phrases. In the present chapter, we discuss the basic word orders of the Tai-Kadai group as a whole and explore the word orders of their nominal phrases cross-linguistically. The basic word order patterns include the order between verb and object (V+O), verb and adverb of manner (AM+V, V+AM or V+AM+V), adjective and adverb of degree (ADJ+AD, AD+ADJ or AD+ADJ+AD), verb, adjective and adverb of negation (AN+V or AN+ADJ),adposition (PREP+NP, AP+VP or VP+AP), and non-equality comparative construction (ADJ+m+ST or m+ST+ADJ). The word orders of nominal phrases include the order between noun and noun (N+N(head) or N(head)+N), the noun and the genitive (GEN+N or N+GEN), noun and adjective (N+ADJ or ADJ+N),classifier and demonstrative (CLF+DEM, DEM+CLF, NUM+CLF+N,CLF+N+NUM, N+CLF+NUM,N+NUM+CLF), noun and classifier structure (CLF+N+DEM, DEM+CLF+N+DEM, DEM+CLF+N,NUM+CLF+N+DEM, DEM+NUM+CLF+N+DEM or DEM+NUM+CLF+N) , and noun and relative clause (N+RelV or RelV+N).