Evaluating Impacts of Human Activities on Wetland Ecosystem from Multiple Points of View

The wetland located at the coastal area is valuable due to its multiple functions for human beings; however, its ecosystem is vulnerable and easy to be influenced. Nowadays, due to the human development activities, most of the coastal wetlands are facing the threatens such as the area reduction, pollution accumulation, and biodiversity deterioration. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward a new evaluation method to quantitatively study the comprehensive impact of human activities on ecosystem of coastal wetland. Taking Tiaozini wetland in Jiangsu Coast of China as an example, this study investigates the human influence from five perspectives, i.e., ecological integrity, ecological stability, ecological degradation characteristics, environmental capacity, and water resource. It could be concluded that there is no obvious change in wetland ecosystem after the reclamation of Cangdong since 2004. The reclamation of Qiongdong, Liangnan and Tiaozini Phase one project do have some impacts on the wetland ecosystem; however, they are still within an acceptable range. If Tiaozini Phase two and three reclamation have been completed, the wetland ecosystem would be deteriorated significantly and human activities have a huge negative and unrecoverable impact, which should be given high attention.