Co-dependent Origination and the Doctrine of Gongsheng: A Buddhist Perspective on the Harmony of Humanity, Nature, and Civilizations

Gongsheng is a very important concept in Buddhist thought. This chapter discusses the special meaning of the Buddhist concept of gongsheng, and discusses in detail the different types of gongsheng in Buddhism, including the rich and diverse concepts of gongsheng in Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism. The chapter also discusses the relationship between the ideas of Huayan School of Buddhism and the ideas of tian and humans in Chinese philosophy, as well as the concepts of gongsheng contained in these ideas. Finally, the chapter points out that gongsheng in the Buddhist thought system refers to a way of existence in the phenomenal world, and the real meaning of Buddhist liberation is to go beyond gongsheng and return to the absolute realm of independence.