Soil Fertility and Soil Biodiversity Health Under Different Agroforestry Systems

The rising climate crisis and the upsurge of Anthropocene badly impact the agriculture in the entire globe, thus impacting crop production and food security. Poor agriculture practices expose soil to the factors causing soil damages that led to the infertility of soil. Agroforestry is a sustainable option in all such scenarios not only to acquire more crop outputs but also to raise trees, livestock, and crop on the same piece of land and get maximum benefits. The current chapter covers how different agroforestry systems play a decisive role in climate change mitigation. As trees deposit carbon stock to their woody biomass and also fix it to the soil, the soil biota take advantage from it. It is a fact that agroforestry not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also can be adopted as a best climate adaptation practice to make agriculture risk resilient. The agroforestry systems need no or less chemical fertilizer and other expensive inputs, also offering more productivity supporting soil biota, carbon sequestration, wind shielding, etc. Therefore, farmer and landowner need to be aware about the agroforestry system profits and adopt agroforestry in agricultural practices to become ecologically and economically sustainable.