Potential Effects of Antiaging Compounds: Implications on Brain Aging

A phytochemical is a natural substance extracted from plants that aids in the defense against multiple infections and prevents many life-threatening diseases. It can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and is linked to pharmacological inhibition. The phytochemicals in herbal medicines play a crucial role in regulating the brain’s chemical balance by influencing the activity of sensors for major neurotransmissions. In traditional medicine, various plants have been recognized to cure psychological impairments. Research has examined these drugs’ potential benefits in treating neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are diseases characterized by inflammatory responses, cognitive decline, and dysfunctional mitochondria. Brain aging is considered one of the major causes of these diseases due to neuronal loss, a multifactorial phenomenon. Amyloid beta peptide levels increase in individuals who have Alzheimer’s disease as a result of the phosphorylation of tau protein. Parkinson’s disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, loss of dopaminergic neurons, is a severe form of neurodegeneration. Using phytochemicals can also alleviate the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress resulting from these neurological disorders. These afflictions can be diagnosed using the following diagnostic tools: DNA methylation, delta age, and magnetic resonance imaging. In this chapter, we explore several phytochemicals that have been proven to have protective effects in various model systems of brain disorders. The identification of phytochemicals with neuroprotective properties opens up exciting avenues for developing novel therapeutic strategies for brain disorders. Further research into the mechanisms of action of these phytochemicals, their optimal delivery methods, and their potential synergistic effects when used in combination could lead to the development of more targeted and effective treatments for devastating neurological conditions.