Inflammatory Biomarkers in Periodontitis and Their Effect on the Stem/Progenitor Cells: Molecular Basis of Bone Resorption and Bone Regeneration
摘要
Periodontitis is considered one of the most chronic inflammatory diseases damaging the soft and hard tissues supporting the teeth. In periodontitis, three definite stages are distinguished; different biomarkers could detect infection, inflammation, and tissue destruction. One of the main considerations in a successful periodontal treatment is understanding the underlying mechanisms of alveolar bone loss and formation. Key cellular players include osteoclasts, osteoblasts, bone marrow stromal cells, and osteocytesin in addition to mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs). This chapter highlights the significant effects of the different inflammatory stimuli in conjunction with periodontal diseases, influencing bone resorption and regeneration.