Guiding Task Learning by Hierarchical RL with an Experience Replay Mechanism Through Reward Machines

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has made great progress in theory and application. Whereas, challenges remain in RL, such as low sample utilization and difficulty in designing suitable reward functions. Therefore, this paper focuses on optimizing the structure of the reward function and improving sample utilization. We propose a hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) algorithm based on the options framework, which incorporates a segmented reward mechanism and an experience replay mechanism. The reward mechanism can help the agent grasp the reward function’s internal structure. The experience replay mechanism includes a buffer for storing typical experiences and a particular buffer for storing the special state experiences of the agent accessing the subtasks, which are conducive to training. We conducted single-task and multitask tests in multiple environments. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm has a better performance than baseline algorithms.