Analysis of the Performance of Broadcast Ionospheric Model for Anti-disturbance Capability

Magnetic storms and solar flares cause anomalous changes in ionospheric electron content, during which the performance of the broadcast ionospheric model correction decreases. In this paper, we use the CODE GIM (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe global ionosphere maps) product as a reference to evaluate the BDGIM (BeiDou global ionospheric correction model) BDS Klobuchar (BKlob), GPS Klobuchar (GKlob), and NeQuick G models in terms of its correction performance and the adaptability to magnetic storm and flare events. The analysis of the measured data shows that (1) during the magnetic storm, the BDGIM model does not show significant changes at low and mid-latitudes, while the correction rate is less than 20.0% at high latitudes; the BKlob and GKlob models show fluctuations at mid and high latitudes. The fluctuation range is roughly 20.0–40.0% in mid-latitudes and the correction rate is less than 20.0% in high latitudes; the NeQuick G model decreases the correction rate to about 20.0% at mid and high latitudes in the southern hemisphere during the outbreak of higher-grade magnetic storms. (2) During solar flares, the BDGIM model shows no significant change in the correction performance in the Northern Hemisphere and globally, and fluctuations in the Southern Hemisphere; the BKlob and GKlob models show fluctuations in the Southern Hemisphere at mid-latitudes, and the correction rate in the Southern Hemisphere at high latitudes is less than 20.0%; the NeQuick G model shows a decrease in all regions, and the correction rate ranges from 20.0% to 40.0%. (3) The BDGIM model has better adaptation to flares, and the NeQuick G model has better adaptation to magnetic storms; the BKlob and GKlob models have comparable adaptation to both, with differences in individual latitudinal bands.