GNSS Carrier Phase Heading Determination with a Single Array Antenna

In the field of global navigation satellite system (GNSS), low-cost anti-jamming array antennas are seldom adopted for precise heading determination. In this contribution, we propose a method for carrier phase heading determination with a single array antenna. Using a centimeter-level very-short baseline composed of two antenna elements in the array, the GNSS observations of a single epoch are iteratively solved to remove the impact of antenna-induced phase biases on heading solutions. To improve the accuracy and availability of heading solutions, the baseline constrained LAMBDA method (C-LAMBDA) is adopted to perform the ambiguity resolution (AR). By simulating a set of GNSS observations for very-short baselines of 10 cm, the proposed method is simulated under single-frequency, single-epoch conditions. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can achieve heading solutions with root mean square errors (RMSE) of about 2°. The impact of the number of iterations and C-LAMBDA on heading solutions are also analyzed.