Research on 3D Positioning Technology of UWB Single Base Station

In recent years, in the context of smart cities and the internet of everything, with the rapid development of the intelligent indoor environment, the demand for indoor location services in many industries has become higher and higher, and the need for real-time location of personnel has become more and more urgent. In this paper, a UWB-based circular antenna array single base station is designed for indoor space single base station 3D positioning problem, and the joint Time of Arrival (TOA)/Angle of Arrival (AOA) positioning estimation algorithm is studied. In terms of direction finding, a five-array element direction finding model is established using a uniform circular array, and the Phase Difference of Arrival (PDOA) algorithm is combined to obtain the signal arrival angle information, and TOA is used to complete the distance measurement between the base station and the label, to achieve the calculation of label location information. Also, for the consideration of improving the accuracy of angle measurement, the ambiguity resolution method of antenna array element phase difference for long baseline is proposed. Finally, the system performance was tested and verified in the experimental environments. The results show that the UWB single base station can be used to achieve indoor 3D positioning, its positioning accuracy is better than 1m. Furthermore, the technology can effectively solve problems such as the high deployment cost of multiple base stations, complicated system construction, and so on in practical applications with more excellent application and promotion value.