Overview of the Bioinformatics Databases and Tools for Genome Research and Crop Improvement

The advancement of sequencing technologies and molecular techniques has generated a huge amount of biological data which needs to be analyzed and interpreted with the help of machine learning and artificial intelligence-based methods. Bioinformatics tools and databases like NCBI-BLAST, ensembl Plants, Galaxy platform, RAP-DB, etc., plays a major role in understanding the functional genomics and molecular system of many crops. Bioinformatics tools and databases emerged as a crucial platform to deal with huge data generated by the OMICS technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics and used to draw logical conclusions about the problem. Bioinformatics in agriculture, also known as agro-informatics, plays an important and increasing role in deciphering the genomics and related information for crop improvement and also discussed some of the important genomic tools and databases in this chapter.