Prediction of Lumpy Virus Skin Disease Using Artificial Intelligence

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a skin infection caused by the lumpy skin disease virus, which belongs to the genus of Capripoxviruses. The disease transmitted by arthropod vectors has high morbidity and low mortality rates. Contagious through arthropod-borne feces and infected insects, it is virtually a non-vectored disease. It takes one to four weeks for viremia to develop. It affects all animals regardless of their age or gender. The use of LSD by cattle in Asia has recently been reported as a terrifying threat. A morbidity rate of 7.1% was reported among cattle for the first time in India for LSD. Clinical manifestations of the disease include fever, anorexia, nodules on the mucus membranes of the mouth, nose, genital, udder, eyes, and rectum, less milk production, infertility, abortion, and even death. First introduced in Bangladesh in July 2019, the disease has since spread to China, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Vietnam, and Myanmar in Southeast Asia. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of LSD outbreaks in Asian countries over the past three years and also sheds light onto the existing methods of disease detection based on artificial intelligence techniques.