Investigation on Structural, Dielectric and Ferromagnetic Properties of Yttrium Doped Nickel Ferrites (NiY0.05Fe1.95O4) Prepared by Modified Sol–gel Route

Soft spinel ferrites are useful in a range of applications including medicine, wastewater treatment, non-volatile memory devices, catalysis, gas sensing and microwave technology. High electrical resistivity, high saturation magnetization, large permeability, and minimal eddy current losses are all significant characteristics of ferrite materials which makes them worthy of so much attention in present days. The yttrium doped nickel ferrite [NiFe2–xYxO4, for x = 0.05] nanoparticles have been prepared using modified sol–gel auto-combustion technique. Utilizing XRD and SEM, structural characteristics has been examined. For each doped sample, an orthorhombic impurity phase established by analyzing the X-ray diffraction patterns. The dispersion phenomena is modelled using a modified Debye's function, which takes into account the potential for many ions to contribute to the relaxation as can be seen in the variation of dielectric constant against frequency with varying temperature. It is again assumed that the grain expansion is constrained by the substitution of yttrium.