Digital Twin in Extended Reality Applications for Industry 4.0

The technology of extended reality (XR) encompasses three distinct realities: virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). Industry 4.0 has been defined by the enhancement in the industry that has been fulfilled using the digital information and communication technology. While XR has the potential to enhance and support industry 4.0 in diverse settings, head-mounted displays (HMD) devices are usually used in industry, and users get isolated themselves from the real world when they wear HMD. This chapter discusses the technologies involve in XR. XR allows user to feel the process and to be a part of the design process, especially when it involves interactive simulations and realistic three-dimensional (3D) visualizations. Additionally, the use of XR in conjunction with digital twins (DTs) can help designers examine the quality of surfaces under different lighting conditions. Despite the potential benefits of using XR and DT technologies in industry, presently there are very few papers or chapters that have focused on this topic. Therefore, this chapter presents the overview of XR technologies in industry 4.0, and DT has become the mirrored copy of physical objects in the digital environment. This chapter will discover the fundamentals of the XR applications implementation stages in the industry.