Design and Development of an Inexpensive Intelligent Device for Sag Measurement for Overhead Transmission Lines

This paper mainly focus on the various factors affecting sag in overhead line while laying transmission lines. A high degree of stress in the conductor may be reached if the conductors are stretched too much between supports of two towers. In this the author has worked upon the two physical parameters (i.e. Temperature and Tension). In order to prevent mechanical failure of the conductor, such as the breaking of cross arms or poles, and to allow for the use of less robust supports, it is preferable that tension be kept low in the conductor. From the topmost portion of the transmission tower on which install the transmission line, distance from top of the tower to the bottom part of the transmission line called Sag. This study takes a look at a variety of sag measuring approaches that use physical characteristics including vibration, temperature, and others. It is noted that the current methods of measuring sag have a number of drawbacks. Several solutions are suggested to the problems highlighted. This all-encompassing analysis of sag measurement methods will pave the way for the development of cutting-edge, time-saving systems for measuring and monitoring sag in real-time. Also from results we get to know that the elongation in the overhead transmission line due to increase in temperature will result in the sag formation, therefore with the increase temperature of overhead transmission line sag increases. Similarly, increase in tension result in increase in the sag percentage.