Physical Modification of Biomass

The evolution of civilization has been largely dependent on the utilization of biomass as a source of energy. Recent proposals for a greater use of renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels are a result of pressures on the environment on a worldwide scale. One potential source of renewable energy is biomass, which may be converted into a useful form of energy, typically electricity or fuel for internal combustion engines, through a variety of different methods, each having unique benefits and drawbacks. The process of converting biomass to energy, often known as bioenergy, takes into account a wide range of various biomass types and sources, conversion techniques, and infrastructural needs. Various techniques can be employed to transform biomass into useful types of energy. The type and quantity of biomass feedstock, the intended form of the energy, or end-use needs, and environmental criteria and economic conditions are factors that affect the choice of conversion method. The present chapter deals with the modification techniques and their applications with a special focus on physical modification technique.