Fundamental of Emerging Nanomaterials

This review focuses on emerging materials for optical and laser fiber, sensors, and communication and information technologies. One of the primary drivers guiding research and business is the development of novel materials, which paves the way for new products to improve health and well-being in the future. Materials science is an interdisciplinary field that combines physics and chemistry and focuses on the characteristics and microstructure of materials. Engineering applications are made possible by the development of materials science, which also results in the design of novel materials. The expanding materials and their different technology in the new era reveal exciting micro- and nanoengineering advancements. One well-known definition of nanotechnology is manipulating matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. Earlier, the term “nanotechnology” (also known as “molecular nanotechnology”) was used to describe the science of manipulating atoms and molecules to create objects on the nanoscale. Priority one of material science is to pinpoint the suitable material or combination of materials based on cost and performance for a given product’s intended use. One can gain insight into the behavior of materials and the variety of their properties by understanding quantum mechanics at the sub- or atomic scale. In addition, material science is essential in forensic engineering and investigating commodities, structures, or components. This area of research focuses on processing novel materials, making it easier for the next generation of engineers to use them in terms of high marketability and their significant effect on the nation’s economy. For instance, sustainability and environmental impact are central to materials development in the next decade. Emerging materials include those for optical and laser fibbers, sensors, and communication and information technologies. Emerging technologies are technological advancements that reflect the field of emerging material science. In this book chapter, emerging materials and applications of nanomaterials have been reviewed, some of which are also discussed in this book chapter.