A Path Towards Net-Zero Emission Using Building Integrated Photovoltaic: A Review

The exponential growth in population and urbanisation is causing an increase in the number of high-rise and mid-rise buildings. The increased strain placed on available energy sources to fulfil the increased demand for electricity for buildings is being satisfied by fossil fuels. The combustion of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases and other pollutants into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change and global warming. On the other hand, building materials are responsible for a significant amount of energy and natural resource consumption. In recent years, an increasing number of buildings have begun meeting their energy needs through photovoltaics. In recent decades, photovoltaic panels have also been utilised as an environmentally friendly material. Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) refers to photovoltaic panels that are installed in a building and made an integral part of the building’s structure. BIPV has the potential to replace conventional building materials in a variety of building envelope components, including the roof, bay windows, and building exterior. BIPVs are superior to conventional building materials in terms of energy efficiency and durability. This article provides an overview of the contribution that BIPV can make as an alternative to conventional energy sources. In addition, the author explains how building integrated photovoltaic systems can contribute to achieving net-zero emissions.