Nanostructured Electrodes as Electrochemical Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

In recent decades with breakthrough achievements in nanotechnology, nanostructured-based electrode biosensors have emerged as widely used techniques considering its sensitivity and selectivity. Recently, electrochemical biosensors are representing exceptional attributes such as easy to operate, economical, simple to construct, and integration of nanostructured material of interest. Electrochemical biosensors hold its specificity in detection of biological targets by means of electrochemical change of interface in nanostructured electrodes. By carefully regulating the electrode interface design at the nanoscale and utilizing the inherent qualities of nanomaterials, new biosensing platforms with improved functionality are produced. This includes porous nanostructured materials and nanoscale components like nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, nanoparticles, and nanosheets. This chapter’s objective is to provide a thorough and insightful overview of the numerous strategies for creating electrochemical nanostructured electrodes for sensor improvement; hence, these techniques are utilized for detection of biochemical analysis in human physiology clinics and hospitals.