Energy-Efficient Reliable Communication Routing Using Forward Relay Selection Algorithm for IoT-Based Underwater Networks

Underwater communication improved with the aid of the Internet of Things (IoT) and refers to intelligent system activities, and network modules in different conditions. Past few years, the growth in the development of underwater mapping is highly increasing and demanding. This underwater communication is associated with the transmission of acoustic waves, as these waves have the capability to transmit long-range communication. Due to the aqueous aspect of signal absorption, low-frequency signals are conveyed in the underwater Internet of Things (UIoT). Improving transmission and optimizing network communication performance in IoT-enabled hazardous underwater situations are an endless challenge. The quality of service is changed based on the effect of collisions and network interference, which may lead to energy consumption, end-to-end delay, low packet delivery ratio, and low latency in the networks. This research proposes a Reliable Forwarded Communication Routing Transmission Protocol (RFC-RTP) for efficient energy consumption and improved network lifetime. Artificial rabbits optimization is used to pick the relay and balance the energy consumption ratio and end-to-end delay. In this proposed work, an RTP reduces the underwater collision for forwarder nodes sending information to the surface basin. The RFC-RTP protocol simulations are compared with other existing protocols in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay, and network lifetime.