Policy Implications

The analysis presented in this book leads to policy implications for those who support post-conflict education. The recommendations presented here derive from the principle of human security, which focuses on people rather than the state and emphasizes the critical role that international and non-state actors play in developing social cohesion. First, a three-tiered approach is proposed. The BiH experience shows that the international community can support the introduction of democratic citizenship education, even in a segregated society, so that the next generation can share democratic values and develop the necessary civic attitudes and skills. Then, NGOs, both external and domestic, can provide opportunities for children from diverse backgrounds to interact. The resulting mutual trust can eventually pave the way for the third step, integrated schooling. Second, external organizations need to increase their institutional legitimacy, which is critical to advancing the three-step approach. Because social cohesion development is a sensitive process, external interventions must be seen as impartial, evidence-based, and enjoy the support of key stakeholders. To enhance the legitimacy of international agencies, the development of evidence and global norms and standards that guide their actions should be the result of a broad, inclusive process.