STI Policy Push Towards Hydrogen Economy in India

From the year 2019 to 2021, solar power generation increased by 47%, wind by 31% worldwide and it is interesting to note that to meet the growing demands of power and limit to 1.5° warming, the share of renewable energy of the world needs to be increased to 75% by 2030. Although COP 27 has outlined that limiting the warming to 1.5° would be difficult if countries keep shifting their targets. For India, transition to Net zero emission future may require an investment of $3 trillion over three decades and we need to phase down the usage of coal and revamp the use of renewable energy production along with hydrogen production. Green hydrogen will prove to be a milestone to achieve Net zero targets. This chapter gives a review of the energy transition in India and highlights the need of Science, Technology and Innovation Policies that provide a push towards turning India into a hydrogen economy. Lastly, the chapter emphasizes the need for financing and improved technology for increasing hydrogen with a major emphasis on green hydrogen. The Hydrogen Energy transition in India is a long process that needs technology, R&D, funding and policy support from the government, private players and academia alike. Learning objectives