Prospects of Green Ammonia in Fertilizer Production

India is the second largest consumer of fertilizers in the world. One of the most important fertilizers consumed is urea, which is a carrier of nutrient nitrogen. Ammonia is an intermediate required to produce urea and other nitrogen containing fertilizers. India is expected to produce 20 million tonnes of ammonia by 2024–25. India also imports 2.5 million tonnes ammonia, which is expected to go up. There are 16 coastal locations and dozens of inland locations, where ammonia is produced/imported and stored. Ammonia is also transported over short distances through road, rail and pipelines. Ammonia produced from natural gas can be replaced by green ammonia. It is the easiest to utilize green ammonia to produce non-urea fertilizers. The requirement for this segment is about 3 million tonnes ammonia. Initially, green ammonia will be more expensive and there is a need for viability gap funding. Green ammonia plants can be located either next to power plants or near the consumers, mainly fertilizer plants. This chapter has following learning. Learning objectives: