Analytical Investigation of Cold-Formed Steel Build-Up Sigma-Shaped Section

Cold-formed steel structures are steel structural products created by bending flat sheets of steel into shapes that support more than the flat sheets themselves at room temperature. The objective of this paper is to study the analytical investigation of cold-formed steel in sigma-shaped sections under three-point loading and four-point loading. The zinc-coated grades of cold-formed steel have used the grade of G500. The thickness of the plate varies from 0.6 to 1.6 mm. The overlapping of the flange is varied between half and fully overlapped. Three different types of stiffeners are provided on the web. Intermediate stiffeners are provided to reduce the buckling effect of the specimen and avoid the sudden failure of the specimen. The specimen is fixed at both ends 100 mm from the corner of the specimen. The end condition of the specimen is simply supported and nonlinearity geometric is followed. The failure patterns of cold-formed steel are local buckling, distorsional buckling, and global buckling. The entire specimens are analyzed under the finite element analysis software (ABAQUS). The base paper validation was done to get accurate results and compare the results. From the results of FEA, the effect of variation in thickness, variation of different types of stiffeners on the web, and variation in pattern are studied, and the respective mode of failure is discussed. Among these different types of specimens, the ultimate load-carrying specimen is explored and presented.