Review on Partially Replacement of Cement with Industrial Waste in Manufacturing of Concrete and Bricks

Cement production has increased in recent years and is expected to reach 4.5 billion tonnes in 2023. Cement sector is the third largest industrial source of pollution, emitting more than 500,000 tons per year of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide which causes environmental damage and pollution. This can be controlled by partially replacing cement with industrial waste material such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and rice husk ash (RHA). Large amount of industrial waste are deposited every year. Due to the cementitious properties present in these materials, they can be able to reach a good compressive strength. Cement replacement with fly ash, GGBS, and RHA increases strength results on concrete, mortar, bricks, and blocks. It serves as an eco-friendly way of utilising the product without dumping it on ground. This paper reviews effect on partial replacement of cement with industrial waste in manufacturing of block and the properties, compressive strength and water absorption of GGBS, fly ash and RHA along with the optimum level of replacement to the cement.