Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Copper Slag in Concrete: A State-of-the-Art Review

The copper manufacturing industry produces a significant amount of copper slag as a by-product, causing environmental problems while it is being managed and disposed of. Therefore, sustainable alternatives are required immediately. The purpose of this study is to create self-bonding concrete mixtures by substituting copper slag for the thin aggregate. The study’s objective is to evaluate the current advancements in the production of copper slag mortar and concrete, as well as their characteristics, with a specific focus on self-compaction in concrete. The review encompasses an overview of the design of copper slag mixes, a brief analysis of its utilisation in concrete, and an examination of the key factors that impact the effectiveness of copper slag-containing concrete.