Evolution of Ferrofluid Droplet Deformation Under Magnetic Field in a Uniaxial Flow

Here we numerically investigated the deformation kinematics of a ferro-droplet in the joint dominance of uniform magnetic field and uniaxial extensional flow. Coupled the phase-field technique with the Cahn–Hilliard-Navier–Stokes equation into our two-dimensional model, we have captured important interfacial dynamic characteristics for an extensive range of governing parameters. It is seen that the droplet can monotonically evolve into a prolate or oblate shape based on the relative magnitude between magnetic stress and hydrodynamic stress. This study further shows that the magneto-physical properties of the dispersed phase play a significant role in controlling the morphology of the droplet. This study can help to understand the various operations related to various process engineering and biomedical applications such as modifying emulsion rheology, delivering drugs, and others.