Analysis of the Spatial Changes and Influencing Factors of Landscape Patterns Along the Fujian-Guangdong Interconnection

The Fujian-Guangdong Power Grid Project is of significant importance for the research on the changes in landscape patterns and the impact factors on biodiversity along the Fujian-Guangdong interconnection line, as it is a key project in the national “14th Five-Year Plan” for power development. This study aims to combine forest disturbance observation to assess the extent of forest destruction and recovery along the line and to analyze the influencing factors of landscape patterns and biodiversity changes using relevant indices. We utilized the COLD algorithm to monitor forest disturbances and calculated three landscape indices, including patch number, largest patch index, and Shannon’s diversity index. We found that the power grid project has caused certain damage to the forests, but they have been able to recover within 3 to 4 months after construction completion. Through index analysis, we observed that a 1000-m buffer zone is most suitable for analyzing the landscape pattern around the power station. Furthermore, factors such as the power of wind turbines and the age classification of the surrounding forests have an impact on the landscape pattern. These findings can provide assistance for ecological conservation and restoration along the Fujian-Guangdong interconnection line, as well as serve as a reference for future environmental analysis of power grid projects.