Compressive Sensing Sparse Channel Estimation in Broadband Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems

For hybrid precoding based mmWave massive MIMO systems, the number of RF chains is usually much smaller than the number of antennas for cost-effectiveness, which leads to challenges in channel estimation (CE). Simultaneously, the frequency-selective fading (FSF) characteristic of practical mmWave channels cannot be ignored. Therefore, this chapter introduces a multi-user uplink CE scheme tailored for mmWave massive MIMO systems considering FSF channels. This scheme leverages the structured sparsity of mmWave FSF channels in the angle domain through a distributed compressive sensing (DCS)-based CE approach. Besides, the considered algorithm adopts the adaptive measurement matrix to solve the power leakage problem caused by continuous angles of arrival or departure (AoA/AoD). Numerical results demonstrated the effectiveness of the considered solution.