Survey on Blockchain Scalability Addressing Techniques

Decentralized, blockchain-based cryptocurrencies have received a lot of interest and have been used extensively in recent years. Blockchain technology, which is rapidly establishing itself as the most revolutionary technology of recent years is attracting the interest of both the private and public sectors. This blockchain technology has been frequently used in decentralized cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Blockchain is being widely used for purposes other than cryptocurrencies. Despite these advantages, scalability remains a major barrier to the widespread use of blockchain and thus a problem worth addressing. In this paper, initially, we discuss blockchain’s evolution in four stages, challenges of blockchain technology, and scaling quadrilemma and trilemma. Later we address the challenges associated in achieving the scalability in the blockchain network and review the approaches for addressing blockchain scalability challenges in different layers with different techniques. We envision this paper as a reference for analyzing and conducting research on the scalability of blockchains.