A Low Power DC-DC Buck Converter with Improved Light-Load Efficiency Utilizing Pulse-Skipping Mode for a 2.5 GHz Microwave Signal Source

DC-DC converters play a big role which are circuits that are suitable for use in electronic equipment that utilizes batteries and power management systems. It must be able to maintain constant output voltages at no-load and at full-load sustaining high efficiency in delivering power to each load. In this paper, a low-power DC-DC buck converter was designed for high and low load conditions. The power management system was able to reach a maximum efficiency of 90.60% and a minimum efficiency of 85.19% with an input voltage ranging from 12.39 V to 16.75 V and a stable output current of 20 mA while the output current ranges from 19 to 95 mA. The battery charging circuit was able to provide a maximum charging current of 1.45 Amps, with a constant voltage of 4.2 V, for 6 h. The power management system was tested for 24 h and was able to reach a maximum efficiency of 95.99% and a minimum efficiency of 85.01%, with an input voltage from 16.53 V to 14.78 V. The power management system was able to handle varying loads and integration with the microwave signal source.